The ironmaking and sintering equipment lubrication
Ironmaking and sintering equipment such as coking, pusher machine, limestone and ore sintering equipment, large blower, ore dou traction rope, top equipment, cupola furnace, blast furnace, belt conveyor, etc., are exposed to atmospheric dust and smoke and dust, corrosive environment, vulnerable to corrosion, abrasive wear and cavitation. To sliding oilless bearing of the corresponding bearing, gear, worm gear, hydraulic system, such as wire rope should be lubricated. Metallurgical machinery for often exposed to coal powder filled the air, and therefore must be sealed lubrication, such as oven door switch and double bottom and water spray quenching car hydraulic systems, such as general should use fire resistant hydraulic fluid such as water - ethylene glycol; Belt conveyor shafts with lithium base or compound calcium base grease lubrication. Indirect pusher machine, and the impact load, in the coal dust and high temperature environment, need to use heat resistant, good resistance to water of extreme pressure lithium base grease or using antioxidant, antirust extreme pressure lubricating sliding cycle self-lubricating bearing lubrication, also want to use fire resistant hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic system. Gas purification and chemical by-product recycling part of the machinery, because of smoke, dust and corrosive, so such as gas lining machine lubricant should be used contain antioxidant anticorrosive type turbine oil, and applied to circulating lubrication system with the filter. Limestone and ore sintering equipment, often working in dust and vibration and high temperature conditions, thus to use compound calcium base, compound lithium base bentonite or compound aluminum base grease. Large blast furnace, the top equipment such as ore dou tractive rope usually can use 0 or 1 of extreme pressure lithium base grease lubrication oil lubrication system, top machinery available phosphate ester flame retardant fluid for the hydraulic medium. Molten iron great charter load, high temperature, with drop point is greater than 125 ℃ of extreme pressure lithium base grease lubrication.
The steelmaking equipment lubrication
Modern furnaces operating adopt computer control, high degree of automation, equipment used for the corresponding lubrication system and lubricant. For oxygen converter equipment, oxygen blowing of converter by the limit of rotating shaft support, support rolling bearing lubrication mos2 lithium base grease, hydrostatic bearing and tetrachloroethylene oil pad, grease lubrication is also available. In the converter drive gear load or heavy load industrial gear oil lubrication. Main auxiliary equipment such as exhaust fan, motor, charging crown and a lot of crane lubrication points, with corresponding dry oil lubricating grease lubrication system, drive gear oil bath lubrication is commonly used. Casting machine including casting machine turntable, crown, mold oscillation device and take ingot rolling bearings under high temperature, such as compound is commonly used in aluminium base grease lubrication, etc. The mould lubrication is adopted to prevent mould wear and lubricant. Continuous casting pieces of commonly used for the hydraulic medium water - ethylene glycol type or phosphate ester type medium.
Metallurgical equipment oil
1) sintering equipment: machine: 150 industrial gear oil; The disc feeder: 150 industrial gear oil; Sintering machine elastic slide: 1, composite aluminum base grease; Smoking on sintering machine bearing: HL32 hydraulic oil; Sintering pallet wheel bearing: composite aluminum fat; Raw material grab crane: use 150 industrial gear oil; Wheel bearing with 2 gm lithium base grease;
2) ironmaking equipment: the blast furnace turbo blower: HL32 hydraulic oil; Electric mud gun machine: gear drive with 320 industrial gear oil; Play mud and thrust bearing the silk orange: 2 gm lithium base grease; Hoist of blast furnace: 220 industrial gear oil; Feeding hoist wire rope: ZM type wire rope grease; Point.the and large ton rod sealing device of the centralized lubrication: after filtering used oil; Weighing car: walk with axle bearing or bearing; Air compressor, reciprocating compressor oil, 100; : 150 industrial gear oil; Centralized lubrication system: 1, composite aluminum base grease; Hydraulic system: L - HL32 hydraulic oil; Hot blast stove: all kinds of valves with L - CKC100 industrial gear oil, each open gear with semi-fluid lithium base grease.
3) steelmaking equipment: open-hearth worm gear reversing valve: 460 industrial gear oil; Open hearth furnace blower: rolling bearing 2 gm lithium base grease; Metallurgical crane (iron tank crane, ingot casting crane, ingot), each with 320, 460, industrial gear oil, centralized lubrication system with compound aluminum base grease, 1 rope ZM type wire rope grease, open gear with semi-fluid lithium base grease, worm gear with 320, 460, industrial gear oil; Mixer: with 320, 460, industrial gear oil, centralized lubrication system with compound aluminum fat 1; Raw material hoist (magnetic crane, grab crane) : use 150 industrial gear oil, wheel bearing with 2 gm lithium base grease, rope ZM type wire rope grease.
4) equipment of steel rolling, rolling line of thin oil system: 460 industrial gear oil, heavy load of the (); Focus on the dry oil lubrication system: 1 composite aluminum base grease; Main motor bearing thin oil lubrication system, 32 and 46 anti-wear hydraulic oil (oil film bearing oil); Open gear: semi-fluid lithium base grease. Note: the industrial gear oil can be used - CKB L, L - type CKC or L - CKC, L - (heavy load) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) industrial closed gear oil.
The lubrication characteristics of rolling mill
1, steel rolling equipment lubrication
(1) of rolling mill: the main equipment including rolling mill stand, and its balance device, universal joint shaft gear stand, main shafts, and motor shaft and motor and before and after the coiler, uncoiler, etc.
(2) the rolling mill of lubrication requirements: dry oil lubrication, such as the input of the furnace in hot strip rolling mill kun, pushing steel machine and discharging machine, kun, frame, rolling mill, mill work kun, kun road, mill screwdown, cardan shaft and support, head machine, looping, guide, cutting output kun, folding machine, coiling machine, washing machine, double spindle cutting machine, shearing machine, disc, such as broken edge machine, cut machine is used for oil lubrication; Thin oil circulation lubrication, such as baosteel 2030 five-stand tandem cold mill as an example, the strip cooling and lubrication of the emulsion system and to the oil system of the uncoiler, five machine, feeding kun, rolling shear, kun, kun and coiling machine lubrication, gear oil, temper mill and other equipment, such as the oil film bearing system of the frame; High speed and high precision rolling mill bearing, oil mist lubrication and oil lubrication.
(3) the lubricating rolling mill process cooling medium: commonly used in steel rolling process, in order to reduce the friction between the rolling kun and rolled products, reduce the rolling force and power consumption, easy rolling, controlled rolling temperature, improve the quality of rolled products, must be in rolling kun and rolling contact surface between the joining process lubrication cooling medium.
Basic requirements for lubrication cooling medium rolling mill process are: appropriate oily. Good cooling capacity; Good oxidation stability, anti-rust property and physical and chemical indicators of stability; Filter performance is good, Kun and the rolled products surface has a good rinse clean effect; Of cold-rolled strip annealing performance is good; Does not harm the human health; Easy to get oil source, low cost. Lubrication rolling mill process cooling medium variety, different rolled products require different forms of media; Here a brief introduction is as follows: rolling aluminum tape, aluminum foil material, cooling and lubrication with doping kerosene medium. 1700 cold rolling mill of wisco, rolling emulsion 45 to 50 ℃ in summer, winter 50 to 55 ℃, the emulsion quality score of 1.2 to 4.5%, the highest in the mass fraction of 7%, is used for more than 30%. Rolling thin with some high concentrations, thick with some low concentrations. The emulsified oil every 8 hours to check the PH, the mass fraction of, iron soap indicators, once a week for a comprehensive analysis of test.
2, rolling mill used lubricating oil, grease lubrication
(1) the lubricating oil, grease, rolling mill often choose small gear reducer: LAN68, L - AN100 load industrial gear oil in oil or total loss system; Small rolling mill: L - AN100, L - AN150 load industrial gear oil in oil or total loss system; In the condition of high load and demanding gear, worm gear, sprocket, medium and heavy duty industrial gear oil; Mill live transmission gear and screwdown, shearing machine, pushed the bed, rolling oil, medium and heavy duty industrial gear oil; The oil film bearing of steel rolling: oil film bearing oil; Dry oil lubrication system, rolling bearings: 1, 2 lithium base grease or compound lithium base grease; Heavy machinery, rolling mill: 3, 4, 5, lithium base grease or compound lithium base grease; Dry centralized lubrication system, oil mill kun: calender fat (1) used in winter, no. 2 in summer or extreme pressure lithium base grease, medium and heavy duty industrial gear oil; Dry oil lubrication system, gear box, coupling 1700 rolling mill: lead compound calcium fat, medium and heavy duty industrial gear oil. (2) the choice of the form of typical parts lubrication rolling mill, rolling mill work kun kun and cooling system adopts the thin oil circulation lubrication between seam (including segmented cooling lubrication system); Rolling mill supporting kun kun general with dry lubrication bearing, high speed when the oil film bearing and oil mist, lubricating oil and gas; Gear rolling mill stand, device of reducer, motor bearings, electric voltage, the thin oil circulation lubrication; Rolling mill kun, coupling, universal joint shaft and balancing mechanism, mill window plane direction friction pair USES dry oil lubrication.
3, rolling mill commonly used lubricating system introduction
(1) the thin oil and dry oil centralized lubrication system: due to the structure and lubrication requirements of various rolling mill has the very big difference, therefore, on the rolling mill adopted different lubrication system and methods. As some simple structure of the sliding bearing and rolling bearing parts, components can use oil cup dispersion lubricating way, oil ring, etc monomer. For the complex machine is relatively important friction pair, thin oil is adopted or dry oil centralized lubrication system. From the drive mode, centralized lubrication system can be divided into three categories manual, semi-automatic and automatic control system, in terms of pipeline layout can be divided into the throttle type, single, double, multiple wire type, progressive type class, etc.
(2) the rolling mill process lubrication system: according to the working condition and different medium, mill processing lubrication system pressure often at about 0.4 to 1.8 MPa, the flow can be big to several hundred to several thousand liters per minute, medium filtering precision is less than 5 microns. Common nozzle and segmented cooling device to medium injection to the rolling kun and rolling, the jet medium pressure, temperature and so on strict requirements. So, the jet medium, oil (medium) fluid temperature is controlled by pressure, temperature control valve.
(3) the oil film bearing lubrication system of steel rolling, rolling oil film bearing lubrication system with dynamic pressure, static pressure and static pressure system. Dynamic pressure bearing conditions of liquid friction in rolling kun has certain speed to form. When rolling mill starting, braking and reverse, its speed change cannot support liquid friction condition, limit the scope of the use of the dynamic pressure bearing. Hydrostatic bearing shaft neck float by static pressure in the bearing, the formation of the high pressure oil film has nothing to do with speed, when starting, braking, reverse, and even still, can guarantee the liquid friction conditions, large bearing capacity, rigidity, can meet the requirements of any load, speed, but need special high pressure system, the high cost. So, when starting, braking, reverse and low-speed using static pressure system for high pressure oil. High speed when the closure of the static pressure system, a blend of the dynamic pressure oil supply system of dynamic and static pressure system effect is more ideal.
(4) roll oil mist lubrication and oil lubrication system, oil mist lubrication powered by compressed air to make the oil atomization, pipelines, condensation mouth into the lubrication part. Used in gear, worm gear, especially used in large, high-speed, overloading of the rolling bearing lubrication. Its lubrication and cooling efficiency; And can save oil; Because of a certain pressure oil mist (2-3 kpa) can prevent impurities and water immersion and friction pair, the bearing life increased by 40%. Air filter, oil mist lubrication system including water electromagnetic valve, regulating valve, oil mist generator, pipelines, condensation mouth, control, instrumentation, etc. Oil mist generator is the core device. Oil lubrication is better than oil mist lubrication effect, it is to rely on the compressed air flow pumps along the pipeline oil into lubricating points. Oil lubrication system, the key is the oil and gas mixer and oil and gas distributor, there were some introduction of equipment lubrication oil and gas.
4, rolling mill commonly used lubricating device
Heavy machinery (including rolling mill and its auxiliary equipment) are commonly used to have dry oil, thin oil lubrication device, oil mist lubrication device; Domestic lubrication of mechanical equipment has been basically can complete supply. Introduced here is one of the main lubrication devices, its name, the performance is as follows: heavy machinery standard thin oil lubrication device (JB/ZQ4586-86) of this standard is applicable to metallurgy, heavy duty, mining and other mechanical equipment, thin oil circulating lubrication system in thin oil lubrication device, working medium viscosity grade for N22 - N460 industrial lubricants, circulating cooling device adopts column tube cooler. Thin oil lubrication device of the nominal pressure of 0.63 MPa; Filtration precision low viscosity of 0.08 mm; High viscosity of 0.12 mm; Cooling water temperature is less than or equal to 30 ℃ industrial water; Cooling water pressure is less than 0.4 MPa; Cooler when inlet temperature is 50 ℃, the lubricating oil temperature drop is greater than or equal to 8 ℃; The steam pressure of 0.2-0.2 MPa. Main lubrication components pressure range is above 10 mpa, 20 mpa, 40 mpa, including 20 mpa, 40 mpa is the introduction of foreign technology production products, produced by taiyuan lubrication equipment factory and Shanghai lubrication equipment factory. The other products, in addition to the two, there's the lubrication equipment factory in shenyang and xi 'an lubrication equipment factory production, etc. Thin oil system, four components production.
5, rolling mill commonly used lubricating equipment installation and maintenance
(1) the installation of the equipment: seriously examine the lubrication device, lubrication device and mechanical device cloth tube drawings, review the foundation drawings, after confirmation, installation, connection and correct, for installation. Before the installation of equipment, components for inspection; Products must have a certificate of approval, the necessary equipment and components to check all the cleaning, then pre-installed () to more complex system. After installation, cleaning pipe; Check the components and connectors, if there is any loss, damage, with qualified, clean a supplement. Cleaning method: using carbon tetrachloride degreasing; Or with sodium hydroxide after degreasing, clean with warm water. With hydrochloric acid (mass fraction) of 10-15% methenamine 1% (mass fraction), 20-30 min dipping or wash, solution temperature of 40-50 ℃, and then clean with warm water. With the mass fraction of 1% ammonia solution, dipping and cleaned 10-15 min, solution temperature 30 to 40 ℃ after neutralization, steam or warm water to clean. Finally with clean dry air dry, coated with anti-rust oil, to be formally install and use.
(2) equipment cleaning, pressure testing, commissioning, equipment installation, cleaning cycle again as well, in order to ensure reliable. The cycle time of dry oil and thin oil system for 8 to 12 hours, thin oil pressure for 5-3 mpa; Cleanliness is YBJ84.8 G, H (similar to NAS11, 12). On after cleaning system, should with pressure rated pressure 10-15 min. Booster gradually, observe dealing with problems in a timely manner. After the test, according to the design specification to read pressure relays, temperature control, electric interlock for setting the level adjustment and over, and then can be put into use.
(3) equipment maintenance: the scene, must try to understand the equipment, devices and components design, specification etc, technically have the related information to use, maintenance, repair, so that the use of maintenance and repair.
The oil film bearing lubrication, often in the following three types:
(1) starting or stopping, despite lubricating oil between shaft and bearing, but due to the movement speed is equal to zero or near zero, hydrodynamic pressure lubrication or has not been formed gradually disappear, will direct contact with the shaft and bearings, at this point in a medium lubrication even half dry friction condition.
(2) the mill operation, due to excessive vibration or water or oil supply is insufficient or there is a problem of oil is likely to produce mixed lubrication.
(3) mill functioning smoothly, the fluid lubrication. Therefore, the oil film bearing lubrication is characterized by the above three conditions exist alternately mixed lubrication. In order to adapt to high speed and overloaded, automation, large-scale iron and steel enterprise and the need of high yield, solve the lubrication requirements of the oil film bearing in rolling mill, meet the increasingly harsh working conditions of the oil film bearing in rolling mill used lubricating oil, the oil film bearing oil arises at the historic moment.
The use of the oil film bearing oil performance requirements
Lubrication characteristics of oil film bearing in rolling mill, determines the oil film bearing oil must meet its performance requirements, can guarantee the normal operation of rolling mill and continuous production, therefore, the oil film bearing oil is required:
(1) excellent viscosity-temperature performance (high viscosity index), when the bearing temperature fluctuations, still can realize the lubrication part of the normal lubrication.
(2) the superior demulsification performance (i.e., can be divided into water based), in the long-term use can quickly separate oil moisture.
(3) good anti-wear and extreme pressure properties, oil mixed with a small amount of water during operation, still can form the oil film to keep overloading and anti-wear properties.
(4) good antiwear, antirust and antifoam performance, prevent lubrication system from corrosion, blocking the oil-way, causing wear and fuel supply is insufficient.
(5) good oxidation stability, cleaning and filterability. Smooth oil lubrication system, to guarantee the normal lubrication.