One, bushing and bushing function
1. Reduce friction;
2. Reduce vibration;
3. Anti-corrosion;
4. Reduce noise;
5. Easy to maintain;
6. The use of different materials composed of friction pairs to reduce adhesion;
7. Simplify the structural manufacturing process.
Bushings and bushings are based on different operating conditions using different models. The most important conditions are: pressure, velocity, pressure velocity product, lubrication state, and load nature. The requirements for rotating oil-free bearings and sliding in the
axial direction are different. There is also a great difference in the
performance of lubricating oils. The speed and pressure basically
determine the service life of the shaft sleeves.
In
the moving parts, wear of the parts is caused by the long-term
friction. When the shaft sleeve clearances of the shaft and the holes
wear out to a certain degree, the parts must be replaced. Therefore, the
designer selects a lower hardness and wear resistance when designing. The
good material is bushings or bushings, which can reduce the wear of
shafts and seats. When the bushings or bushings are worn to a certain
extent, they can be replaced. This can save the cost of replacing shafts
or seats. In general, bushings are The
seat adopts interference fit, and the clearance fits with the shaft,
because no matter how kind it can not avoid the wear, only the life can
be extended, and the shaft parts are relatively easy to process; there
are some new designers who do not have self-lubricating bearings. Like
this design, think that this is to increase the cost when
manufacturing, but after a period of time after use, maintenance still
need to be transformed according to this method, but the transformation
is easy to cause the accuracy of the equipment to reduce, the reason is
very simple, secondary processing is not guaranteed The center of the seat hole.
Bushings for low speeds instead of rolling bearings
1.
The shaft sleeve is used on the gear shaft or bearing. The main
function is to fix and position the shaft. For example, the gear shaft
needs to be used when installing the reducer. It is used to fix the
center position of the shaft and the bearing is not allowed to vibrate
during operation. Displaced.
2.
The bushing acts as a sliding bearing, and the wall thickness of the
bushing is designed to save material in accordance with the axial load
required by the bearing. Cast copper and bearing alloys are generally used. Bushings have openings and no openings, depending on the needs of the structure. In general, bushings cannot withstand axial loads, or can only
withstand small axial loads or thrust bearings and the shaft is
generally round.
3.
The sleeve is used in places where the rotational speed is low, the
radial load is high and the clearance is high (such as the camshaft). It
is used to replace the rolling bearing (in fact, the sleeve is also
called a sliding bearing). The material requires low hardness and wear
resistance. The
inner hole of the sleeve can be scraped by grinding to achieve high
matching precision. There must be an oil groove on the inner wall. The
lubrication of the sleeve is very important. Several grinding shafts and
sleeves will be scrapped soon. Bushing inner hole wall, which can leave many small pits, enhance the lubrication function.
The bushing is used as a grinding piece in the friction pair
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Bushings are used for parts outside the mechanical parts to achieve sealing, wear protection, etc. The bushings are used in a wide range of applications. Many parts in
the industrial sector, such as valves, bearings, etc., use bushings.
The role of bushings
The
flexibility of the bushing is relatively high, and it has many
functions. In general, the bushing is a type of component that protects
the equipment. The use of bushings can reduce equipment wear, vibration and noise, and have anti-corrosion effects. The use of bushings also facilitates the maintenance of mechanical
equipment and simplifies the structure and manufacturing process of the
equipment.
The role of the bushing in actual work has a lot to do with its application environment and purpose. In
the field of valve applications, the bushing is fitted in the valve cap
to cover the valve stem to reduce the leakage of the valve and achieve
the sealing effect. In bearing applications, the use of a bushing can reduce the wear
between the bearing and the shaft seat and prevent the clearance between
the shaft and the hole from increasing.
Bush material
The
material of the bushing is mostly soft metal, rubber, nylon and
non-metal polymer, etc. The texture of these materials is relatively
soft and the cost is low. In a variety of harsh working environments, the bushes are subjected
to vibration, friction and corrosion to protect the wrapped parts, and
the bushes themselves are easily replaced after being damaged, the cost
is low, and the economy is good.
Bushing selection factor
The
scope of use of bushings is large and there are many types. To select a
suitable bushing, it is necessary to consider its purpose of use.
Different types of bushings are selected for different working
conditions. The
main considerations in the selection of the bushing are the pressure,
speed, pressure velocity product and load nature of the bush. In addition, whether or not the bushing is lubricated and lubricated also determines its effectiveness and longevity.
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